Neoliberalism, Accountability, and Reform Failures in Emerging Markets
Автор: Luigi Manzetti
Год издания: 0000
The agenda of neoliberal market reform known as the Washington Consensus, which was meant to turn around the economies of developing and postcommunist countries and provide the bedrock of economic success on which stable democracies could be built, has largely proved to be a failure, with Russia and many Latin American countries like Argentina left in severe economic crisis by the end of the 1990s. Some proponents of neoliberal reform, such as Anne Krueger, have attributed this failure to the piecemeal and incomplete implementation of reform measures, while others, including Nobel Prize economist and former World Bank vice president Joseph Stiglitz, have pointed to technical flaws in the policies. While both of these assessments focus narrowly on economic factors, Luigi Manzetti highlights the crucial importance of political institutions and processes to a fully adequate explanation. His argument is that the ideology of neoliberal reform, rooted in the theories of Friedrich von Hayek and Milton Friedman, assumed political checks and balances that did not exist in many of these countries undergoing market reform, and that only by taking political accountability as an influential variable in the equation for success can we really understand what happened. Where accountability was weak, patterns of corruption, collusion, and patronage worked to undermine the intended aims of market reform. Manzetti uses both large N statistical analyses and small N case studies (of Argentina, Chile, and Russia) to provide empirical evidence for his argument.
The third report of the Committee of the society for the improvement of prison discipline and for the reformation of juvenile offenders
Автор: Группа авторов
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «The third report of the Committee of the society for the improvement of prison discipline and for the reformation of juvenile offenders : 1821 : with an appendix».
Geschichte der teutschen Reformation. T. 1
Автор: Philipp Konrad Marheinecke
Год издания:
Примечание: История немецкой Реформации. Полный вариант заголовка: «Geschichte der teutschen Reformation. T. 1 / von Philipp Marheinecke».
Geschichte der teutschen Reformation. T. 2
Автор: Philipp Konrad Marheinecke
Год издания:
Примечание: История немецкой Реформации. Полный вариант заголовка: «Geschichte der teutschen Reformation. T. 2 / von Philipp Marheinecke».
Entwurf einer vollstandigen Historie der Kezereien, Spaltungen und Religionsstreitigkeiten, bis auf die Zeiten der Reformation. T. 2
Автор: Christian Wilhelm Franz Walch
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Christian Wilhelm Franz Walchs ... Entwurf einer vollstandigen Historie der Kezereien, Spaltungen und Religionsstreitigkeiten bis auf die Zeiten der Reformation. T. 2».
Entwurf einer vollstandigen Historie der Kezereien, Spaltungen und Religionsstreitigkeiten, bis auf die Zeiten der Reformation. T. 3
Автор: Christian Wilhelm Franz Walch
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Christian Wilhelm Franz Walchs ... Entwurf einer vollstandigen Historie der Kezereien, Spaltungen und Religionsstreitigkeiten bis auf die Zeiten der Reformation. T. 3».