Найти книгу: "Mass Appraisal Methods"

This book takes a cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural look at mass appraisal expertise for property valuation in different market conditions, and offers some cutting- edge approaches. The editors establish an international platform and present the scientific debate as well as practical feasibility considerations. Heretic and orthodox valuation methods are assessed based on specific criteria, partly technical and partly institutional. Methodological evaluation is approached using two types of criteria: operational concerns about how to determine property value differentials between spatial and functional units of real estate in a valid and reliable way (technical criteria); and the kind of market circumstances being operated in (institutional criteria). While technical criteria are relatively well-researched, there is little theoretically informed work on the connection between country context and selection of property appraisal methods. The book starts with an examination of current mass property appraisal practices, presenting case studies from widely differing markets – from the American and Dutch, where regression-based methods have been used successfully for some time; to the Eastern European and other emerging economies, where limitations have to be compensated by focusing on the modelling assumptions. The second part of the book looks at sophisticated modelling approaches, some of which represent combinations of elements from two or more techniques. Whatever the exact modelling approach, the requirements are always high for the quality of the data and suitability of the method. In the final section, methods are evaluated and compared according to technical criteria and against institutional contexts.With its exceptionally wide coverage of valuation issues, Mass Appraisal Methods: an international perspective for property valuers addresses property valuation problems common to different countries and approaches applicable in both developed and emerging economies.

Content

Introduction

Upholstery tools and materials

Manual dismantling of interior parts

Mastering the art of sewing

Making upholstery pattern

Examples of ready patterns

Covers

Installation instructions autocovers

Leather interior with their own hands

Padding of the saloon ceiling

We produce door skin

Padding vinyl interior

Padding upholstery motorcycle seats

Renovation of the old sagging armchair

Eliminating failures heated seat

Nano Textile upholstery

Technology smart car flocking

The interiors of the converted cars

Based on a set of four research parameters, this book discusses the development of research questions and hypotheses, naturalistic and experimental research, data collection, and validation of research instruments. Each chapter includes examples and activities.

A practical, real-world guide for implementing enterprise risk management (ERM) programs into your organization Enterprise risk management (ERM) is a complex yet critical issue that all companies must deal with in the twenty-first century. Failure to properly manage risk continues to plague corporations around the world. ERM empowers risk professionals to balance risks with rewards and balance people with processes. But to master the numerous aspects of enterprise risk management, you must integrate it into the culture and operations of the business. No one knows this better than risk management expert James Lam, and now, with Implementing Enterprise Risk Management: From Methods to Applications, he distills more than thirty years' worth of experience in the field to give risk professionals a clear understanding of how to implement an enterprise risk management program for every business. Offers valuable insights on solving real-world business problems using ERM Effectively addresses how to develop specific ERM tools Contains a significant number of case studies to help with practical implementation of an ERM program While Enterprise Risk Management: From Incentives to Controls, Second Edition focuses on the «what» of ERM, Implementing Enterprise Risk Management: From Methods to Applications will help you focus on the «how.» Together, these two resources can help you meet the enterprise-wide risk management challenge head on—and succeed.