Найти книгу: "1434: The Year a Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance"

In his bestselling book 1421:The Year China Discovered the World, Gavin Menzies revealed that it was the Chinese that discovered America, not Columbus. Now he presents further astonishing evidence that it was also Chinese advances in science, art, and technology that formed the basis of the European Renaissance and our modern world.In his bestselling book 1421: The Year China Discovered the World, Gavin Menzies presented controversial and compelling evidence that Chinese fleets beat Columbus, Cook and Magellan to the New World. But his research has led him to astonishing new discoveries that Chinese influence on Western culture didn’t stop there.Until now, scholars have considered that the Italian Renaissance – the basis of our modern Western world – came about as a result of a re-examining the ideas of classical Greece and Rome. However, a stunning reappraisal of history is about to be published.Gavin Menzies makes the startling argument that a sophisticated Chinese delegation visited Italy in 1434, sparked the Renaissance, and forever changed the course of Western civilization. After that date the authority of Aristotle and Ptolemy was overturned and artistic conventions challenged, as was Arabic astronomy and cartography.Florence and Venice of the 15th century attracted traders from across the world. Menzies presents astonishing evidence that a large Chinese fleet, official ambassadors of the Emperor, arrived in Tuscany in 1434 where they met with Pope Eugenius IV in Florence. A mass of information was offered by the Chinese delegation to the Pope and his entourage – concerning world maps (which Menzies argues were later given to Columbus), astronomy, mathematics, art, printing, architecture, steel manufacture, civil engineering, military machines, surveying, cartography, genetics, and more. It was this gift of knowledge that sparked the inventiveness of the Renaissance – Da Vinci's inventions, the Copernican revolution, Galileo, etc. Following 1434, Europeans embraced Chinese intellectual ideas, discoveries, and inventions, which formed the basis of European civilization just as much as Greek thought and Roman law. In short, China provided the spark that set the Renaissance ablaze.

Content

Introduction

Technical specifications

Scooter construction

Operation of the scooter

• Controls
• Control devices
• Ignition switch
• Inspection before the trip
• Fueling the scooter
• Starting the engine
• Tips for managing the scooter
• Maintenance
• Running in
• Routine work

Engine

• General information
• The design and operation of a four-stroke engine
• Carter
• Crank mechanism
• Valve head
• Replacing the piston
• Adjusting the valve clearance
• Check sizes

Power system

• General information
• Carburettor
• Fuel tank
• Vacuum tap
• Diagnosis of the quality of the mixture by the color of the spark plug insulator

Lubrication system

• General information
• Checking engine oil level
• Oil pump

Transmission

• Device and principle of operation
• Disassembling of a variator
• Replacing the weights of the variator
• The trigger mechanism
• Reducer

Chassis

• Basic information
• Frame
• Front suspension
• Rear suspension
• Front and rear suspension dimensions
• Suspension adjustment
• Disks and tires

Brake system

• General information
• Front brake
• Rear brake mechanism
• Replacement of front brake pads

Electrical equipment

• General information
• Schematic diagrams of electrical equipment
• Generator
• Battery

Caring for your scooter

• Caring for appearance
• Repair of plastic panels

Application

• Diagnosis of possible malfunctions and their elimination
• Tips for buying a new scooter
• Tips for buying a used scooter
• Scooter preparation for winter
• Scooter tuning

«Made in Italy» is a worldwide label for fashion and luxury brands. It suggests top quality as well as a sense of distinction and it is closely linked to famous brand names as well as entrepreneurs like Giorgio Armani, Miuccia Prada, Gianni Versace. Nevertheless, behind the sparkling names, made in Italy hides a set of entrepreneurial forms that are at the heart of peculiar Italian savoir-faire for fashion and luxury goods and that were, indeed, at the heart of the economic development of the country. Design, production and distribution of fashion and luxury goods in Italy have solid foundations in a diffuse network of independent enterprises that ensured economic and cultural development and innovation. The free, yet coordinated, initiative of small entrepreneurs, firmly rooted in the traditional structure of the Italian society, constitute the economic and social fabric behind the success of some of the well known large groups of the high end of the fashion and luxury system. This fabric of diffuse entrepreneurship is also actually ensuring the necessary variety of initiatives and countermeasures to face the crisis of this sector and to invent new solutions against the de-manufacturing and the fierce concurrence of the developing countries.

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