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As retailers have become more powerful and global, they have increasingly focused on their own brands at the expense of manufacturer brands. Rather than simply selling on price, retailers have transformed private labels into brands. Consequently, manufacturers such as Johnson & Johnson, Nestle, and Procter & Gamble now compete with their largest customers: major retail chains like Carrefour, CVS, Tesco, and Wal-Mart. The growth in private labels has huge implications for managers on both sides. Yet, brand manufacturers still cling to their outdated assumptions about private labels. In Private Label Strategy: How to Meet the Store Brand Challenge, Nirmalya Kumar and Jan-Benedict E.M. Steenkamp describe the new strategies for private labels that retailers are using, and challenge brand manufacturers to develop an effective response. Most important, they lay out actionable strategies for competing against – or collaborating with – private label purveyors. Packed with detailed international case studies, valuable visuals, and hands-on tools, Private Label Strategy enables managers to navigate profitably in this radically altered landscape. Получить ссылку |
Social Capital and Strategy Effectiveness: An Empirical Study of Entrepreneurial Ventures in a Transition Economy
Автор: I. Manev
Год издания:
Although new ventures’ competitive positioning and their founders’ social networks are both recognized as important in the context of transition economies, not much is known about their multiplicative effect on performance. We build on the strategic management literature and social network theory to develop theoretical predictions about the role of competitive strategies and social capital for entrepreneurial performance. These are tested with survey data from Bulgaria. We find that both the venture’s competitive strategic positioning and the founder’s networking positively influence performance. The hypothesized moderating effect of networking for the relationship between differentiation strategy and performance received only tentative support. Contrary to expectations, we find a negative moderating effect of networking for the relationship of cost leadership with performance. These results suggest that the entrepreneur’s network plays a role in shaping how strategies influence performance by possibly upholding differentiation and deemphasizing cost leadership strategy. Implications for managerial practice and public policy are discussed.
Anecdotes, hitherto unpublished, of the private life of Peter the Great
Автор: Группа авторов
Год издания:
Примечание: Анекдоты из частной жизни Петра Великого. Полный вариант заголовка: «Anecdotes, hitherto unpublished, of the private life of Peter the Great».
Models of letters for the use of schools and private students
Автор: Группа авторов
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Models of letters : for the use od schools and private students : being an epitome of the large 8 volume, entitled, Elegant epistles : and containig Select letters from the best English authors : with many translated from the French, which have never appeared in any miscellaneous collection».
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