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The region of Boiotia was one of the most powerful regions in Greece between the Peloponnesian War and the rise of Macedonian power under Philip II and Alexander the Great. Its influence stretched across most of the Greek mainland and, at times, across the Aegean; its fourth-century leaders were of legendary ability. But the Boiotian hegemony over Greece was short lived, and less than four decades after the Boiotians defeated the Spartans at the battle of Leuktra in 371 B.C., Alexander the Great destroyed Thebes, Boiotia's largest city, and left the fabric of Boiotian power in tatters. Boiotia in the Fourth Century B.C. works from the premise that the traditional picture of hegemony and great men tells only a partial story, one that is limited in the diversity of historical experience. The breadth of essays in this volume is designed to give a picture of the current state of scholarship and to provide a series of in-depth studies of particular evidence, experience, and events. These studies present exciting new perspectives based on recent archaeological work and the discovery of new material evidence. And rather than turning away from the region following the famous Macedonian victory at Chaironeia in 338 B.C., or the destruction of Thebes three years later, the scholars cover the entire span of the century, and the questions posed are as diverse as the experiences of the Boiotians: How free were Boiotian communities, and how do we explain their demographic resilience among the catastrophes? Is the exercise of power visible in the material evidence, and how did Boiotians fare outside the region? How did experience of widespread displacement and exile shape Boiotian interactivity at the end of the century? By posing these and other questions, the book offers a new historical vision of the region in the period during which it was of greatest consequence to the wider Greek world. Contributors: Samuel D. Gartland, John Ma, Robin Osborne, Nikolaos Papazarkadas, P. J. Rhodes, Thom Russell, Albert Schachter, Michael Scott, Anthony Snodgrass. Получить ссылку |
Celtic Literatures in the Twentieth Century
Автор: Сборник статей
Год издания:
«The Centre for Irish and Celtic Studies at the University of Ulster hosted at Coleraine, between the 24th and 26th August 2000, a very successful and informative conference on ‘Celtic Literatures in the Twentieth Century’. The lectures and the discussions were of a high standard, and it was the intention of the organisers to edit and publish the proceedings as soon as possible thereafter. Unfortunately, due to dif culties in assembling some of the papers, this was not possible and, consequently, publication has been delayed much longer than was originally anticipated. Despite this delay, we feel that those papers which we have received merit publication at this time, not only because of their intrinsicmerits, but also because they represent the views of the authors on their respective topics at the turn of the twenty rst century and will hopefully be of value to those interested in the state of the modern Celtic literatures.»
Unpublished letters of the eighteenth century
Автор: Группа авторов
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «Unpublished letters of the eighteenth century : illustrative of the Herbert family ; and of the latter part of king William's and the earlier part of queen Anne's reigns : with notes / edited by Rebecca Warner».
The oriental geography of Ebn Haukal, an Arabian traveller of the tenth century
Автор: Haukal Ebn
Год издания:
Полный вариант заголовка: «The oriental geography of Ebn Haukal, an Arabian traveller of the tenth century / translated from a manuscript in his own possession, collated with one preserved in the library of Eton College, by Sir William Ouseley».
Education in Russia in the First Decade of the 21st Century
Автор: Sergey Shirin
Год издания:
The study is based on a methodology proposed by European Association for Education Law and Policy for their research conducted in 2009 and devoted to commercialization, competition and corruption in European education. In the monograph, the attempt is made to apply their methods to analyze the commercialization, competition and corruption in Russian educational system that existed before the adoption of new educational legislation which came into force in 2013.
XXI век: исламский вызов. XXI Century: Islamic Challenge
Автор: Роберт Енгибарян
Год издания:
«Исламская цивилизация, в принципе отрицает независимость личности, ее индивидуальные права и свободы, жестко требует от своих приверженцев полного духовного и физического подчинения, восприятия ими ислама в качестве своей человеческой сущности. Реактивный количественный рост исламского населения, подстрекаемый Турцией, Саудовской Аравией, Пакистаном, Катаром и другими, их переселение в дряхлеющие европейские страны, с целью их постепенной исламизации, последние годы особенно усилился. Классическая схема этого процесса выглядит так. Сначала массовая миграция голодных молодых мужчин и женщин, детей, потом их консолидация вокруг мечетей, исламских школ и медресе, бурный количественный рост в новых в значительно более благоприятных условиях, обособленная жизнь в своих анклавах на средства, выделенные государством в качестве социальной помощи и строительство, посланные Турцией, Саудовской Аравией, Катаром и другими деньги, новых мечетей, натурализация и приобретение гражданства, создание подручной пятой колонны и политических партий, бесконечные стычки и требования для живущих по шариату неработающих мусульман новых социальных благ…»
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