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Creep and fatigue are the most prevalent causes of rupture in superalloys, which are important materials for industrial usage, e.g. in engines and turbine blades in aerospace or in energy producing industries. As temperature increases, atom mobility becomes appreciable, affecting a number of metal and alloy properties. It is thus vital to find new characterization methods that allow an understanding of the fundamental physics of creep in these materials as well as in pure metals. Here, the author shows how new in situ X-ray investigations and transmission electron microscope studies lead to novel explanations of high-temperature deformation and creep in pure metals, solid solutions and superalloys. This unique approach is the first to find unequivocal and quantitative expressions for the macroscopic deformation rate by means of three groups of parameters: substructural characteristics, physical material constants and external conditions. Creep strength of the studied up-to-date single crystal superalloys is greatly increased over conventional polycrystalline superalloys. From the contents: – Macroscopic characteristics of strain at high temperatures – Experimental equipment and technique of in situ X-ray investigations – Experimental data and structural parameters in deformed metals – Subboundaries as dislocation sources and obstacles – The physical mechanism of creep and the quantitative structural model – Simulation of the parameters evolution – System of differential equations – High-temperature deformation of industrial superalloys – Single crystals of superalloys – Effect of composition, orientation and temperature on properties – Creep of some refractory metals For materials scientists, solid state physicists, solid state chemists, researchers and practitioners from industry sectors including metallurgical, mechanical, chemical and structural engineers.


World of Metals Through Fun, Odd and Interesting Facts World of Metals Through Fun, Odd and Interesting Facts

Автор: Серафима Зайцева

Год издания: 

Состоит из десяти разделов, каждый из которых посвящен определенной тематике и содержит по два текста, носящих характер изучающего и ознакомительного чтения. При отборе текстов учитывалась их познавательность и информативность. Тексты снабжены лексическими и коммуникативными предтекстовыми и послетекстовыми упражнениями, направленными на развитие навыков устной речи. Отдельно представлены фонетические упражнения, предназначенные для устной тренировки отдельных слов и выражений, представляющих трудность в произношении. Весь материал пособия основан на аутентичном, частично адаптированном материале. Соответствует действующему Федеральному государственному образовательному стандарту высшего образования нового поколения. Для широкого круга студентов университетов, институтов, колледжей и школьников старших классов.


Remarks on the production of the precious metals Remarks on the production of the precious metals

Автор: Faucher Leon

Год издания: 



A Beautiful Constraint. How To Transform Your Limitations Into Advantages, and Why It's Everyone's Business A Beautiful Constraint. How To Transform Your Limitations Into Advantages, and Why It's Everyone's Business

Автор: Adam Morgan

Год издания: 

An inspiring yet practical guide for transforming limitations into opportunities A Beautiful Constraint: How to Transform Your Limitations Into Advantages And Why It's Everyone's Business Now is a book about everyday, practical inventiveness, designed for the constrained times in which we live. It describes how to take the kinds of issues that all of us face today—lack of time, money, resources, attention, know-how—and see in them the opportunity for transformation of oneself and one's organization's fortunes. The ideas in the book are based on the authors' extensive work as business consultants, and are brought to life in 35 personal interviews from such varied sources as Nike, IKEA, Unilever, the U.S. Navy, Formula One racecar engineers, public school teachers in California, and barley farmers in South Africa. Underpinned by scientific research into the psychology of breakthrough, the book is a practical handbook full of tools and tips for how to make more from less. Beautifully designed and accessible, A Beautiful Constraint will appeal beyond its core business audience to anyone who needs to find the opportunity in constraint. The book takes the reader on a journey through the mindset, method and motivation required to move from the initial «victim» stage into the transformation stage. It challenges us to: Examine how we've become path dependent—stuck with routines that blind us from seeing opportunity along new paths Ask Propelling Questions to help us break free of those paths and put the most pressing and valuable constraints at the heart of our process Adopt a Can If mentality to answer these questions—focused on «how,» not «if» Access the abundance to be found all around us to help transform constraints Activate the high-octane mix of emotions necessary to fuel the tenacity required for success We live in a world of seemingly ever-increasing constraints, driven as much by an overabundance of choices and connections as by a scarcity of time and resources. How we respond to these constraints is one of the most important issues of our time and will be a large determinant of our progress as people, businesses and planet, in the future. A Beautiful Constraint calls for a more widespread capability for constraint-driven problem solving and provides the framework to achieve that.


Portfolio Investment Opportunities in Precious Metals Portfolio Investment Opportunities in Precious Metals

Автор: David M. Darst

Год издания: 

New research and investment strategies for asset managers in precious metals In this handy new e-book, bestselling author David M. Darst provides valuable perspective on the role and positioning of gold and other precious metals within an economic, financial, and portfolio context. It covers the advantages and disadvantages, risks and rewards of investing in precious metals and sheds light on the key factors that drive prices, including supply and demand forces, inflation and deflation, geopolitical conditions, interest rates, and the global monetary system. The book also offers detailed information on specific vehicles that provide exposure to precious metals, as well as sources of further information available in print and online. Portfolio Investment Opportunities in Precious Metals gives investors the information they need to make intelligent investment decisions in precious metals. Covers key factors investors need to know about precious metals, including advantages, risks, and investment performance Written by David M. Darst, CFA, the bestselling author of The Little Book That Saves Your Assets Perfect for individual investors, financial advisors, and CFAs interested in the role that precious metals play in investment portfolios


Investment Project Design. A Guide to Financial and Economic Analysis with Constraints Investment Project Design. A Guide to Financial and Economic Analysis with Constraints

Автор: David Sussman

Год издания: 

Make more informed project investment decisions by knowing what issues to examine in the planning process and how to analyze their impacts Poor or insufficient planning is primarily responsible for the inordinate number of idle and rusting capital facilities around the world, with investment decisions often made on the basis of either intuition or inadequate analysis. Investment Project Design: A Guide to Financial and Economic Analysis with Constraints alerts potential investors and other stakeholders to precipitous changes in the investment milieu as a result of constraints on resources and infrastructure, economic and political turmoil, and population growth. The guide Includes descriptions of specific methods of financial and economic analysis for new investments and for expansion of an existing enterprise Covers project risk assessment, mitigation and avoidance Provides real-life case studies, adapted for presentation, and addresses the design of projects large and small, as well as those in both private and public sectors Features spreadsheet layouts and computations Investment Project Design is the ultimate resource in the methods of designing and appraising investment projects